United States

New asylum rules replaces COVID-19 border restrictions in US

The U.S. on Friday ended COVID-19 border restrictions that blocked many migrants at the border with Mexico, immediately replacing the so-called Title 42 restrictions with sweeping new asylum rules.
Migrants stand along the border highway, as the U.S. prepares to lift COVID-19 era Title 42 restrictions that have blocked migrants at the border from seeking asylum since 2020, in El Paso, Texas, U.S., May 11, 2023.
Migrants stand along the border highway, as the U.S. prepares to lift COVID-19 era Title 42 restrictions that have blocked migrants at the border from seeking asylum since 2020, in El Paso, Texas, U.S., May 11, 2023. REUTERS/Julio-Cesar Chavez

By Daniel Becerril

MATAMOROS, Mexico (Reuters) - The U.S. on Friday ended COVID-19 border restrictions that blocked many migrants at the border with Mexico, immediately replacing the so-called Title 42 restrictions with sweeping new asylum rules meant to deter illegal crossings.

    This week, word spread among migrants that the new asylum rules would make it much harder to remain in the United States. In the hours before a new regulation went into effect, thousands of migrants waded through rivers, climbed walls and scrambled up embankments onto U.S. soil, hoping to be processed before midnight.

Some migrants turned themselves in to border officials. Others tried to cross undetected.

In Matamoros, Mexico, groups crossed the Rio Grande River in chin-high water. Some carried tiny babies and bags of belongings above their heads to make it into Brownsville, Texas.

In El Paso, Texas, hundreds of migrants camped out on downtown streets trying to figure out where to go next after crossing the border from Juarez, Mexico.

More migrants - including families with young children wrapped in Mylar blankets - awaited processing while penned between two towering border walls in San Diego, California, across from Tijuana, Mexico.

Migrants hope to get their phones charged by aid workers while they wait between the primary and secondary border fences as the United States prepares to lift COVID-19 era Title 42 restrictions that have blocked migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border from seeking asylum since 2020, near San Diego, California, U.S., May 11, 2023.
Migrants hope to get their phones charged by aid workers while they wait between the primary and secondary border fences as the United States prepares to lift COVID-19 era Title 42 restrictions that have blocked migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border from seeking asylum since 2020, near San Diego, California, U.S., May 11, 2023. REUTERS/Mike Blake

Even before the termination of Title 42, President Joe Biden's administration was grappling with record numbers of migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border, straining U.S. authorities and border cities.

Republicans fault Biden for easing the more restrictive policies of former President Donald Trump, his Republican predecessor. Biden has blamed Congress for not passing comprehensive immigration reform.

Trump first implemented Title 42 in March 2020 as COVID swept the globe. Health officials said at the time the order aimed to curb the spread of the virus in crowded detention facilities. It allowed U.S. authorities to quickly expel migrants to Mexico or other countries without the chance to request U.S. asylum.

Migrants stand near Border Gate 42 along the border highway, as the U.S. prepares to lift COVID-19 era Title 42 restrictions that have blocked migrants at the border from seeking asylum since 2020, in El Paso, Texas, U.S., May 11, 2023.
Migrants stand near Border Gate 42 along the border highway, as the U.S. prepares to lift COVID-19 era Title 42 restrictions that have blocked migrants at the border from seeking asylum since 2020, in El Paso, Texas, U.S., May 11, 2023. REUTERS/Julio-Cesar Chavez

But Democrats, public health experts and immigration advocates saw it as an extension of Trump's quest to block migrants at the border.

Biden, who campaigned on reversing Trump's policies, kept Title 42 in place and ultimately expanded it.

Migrants have been expelled more than 2.7 million times under Title 42, although the total includes many repeat crossers. Mexico has generally only accepted certain nationalities - its own citizens, many Central Americans and more recently migrants from Venezuela, Cuba and Haiti. So during the same period, around 2.8 million migrants ineligible for expulsion were allowed into the United States under a process known as Title 8 to pursue their immigration claims in court, which can take months or years.

Members of the Mexican National Guard patrol near the Suchiate river, the natural border between Mexico and Guatemala, as they try to deter migrants from continuing their trip toward the U.S. border before the lifting of Title 42, in Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico May 11, 2023.
Members of the Mexican National Guard patrol near the Suchiate river, the natural border between Mexico and Guatemala, as they try to deter migrants from continuing their trip toward the U.S. border before the lifting of Title 42, in Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico May 11, 2023. REUTERS/Jose Torres

'CHILDREN AT RISK'

Now that Title 42 is ending along with the end of the COVID public health emergency, the Biden administration's new asylum regulation will take its place.

The new rule presumes most migrants are ineligible for asylum if they passed through other nations without first seeking protection elsewhere, or if they failed to use legal pathways for U.S. entry, which Biden has expanded.

A group of migrants gather near the U.S.-Mexico border fence as they intend to turn themselves in to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) agents before the lifting of Title 42, in Tijuana, Mexico May 11, 2023.
A group of migrants gather near the U.S.-Mexico border fence as they intend to turn themselves in to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) agents before the lifting of Title 42, in Tijuana, Mexico May 11, 2023. REUTERS/Jorge Duenes

On Thursday, chaotic scenes unfolded of migrants scrambling to enter the country before the new rule took effect.

A video circulating on WhatsApp showed Mexican immigration officials in Matamoros walking alongside dozens of migrants, some carrying young children on their shoulders sliding down the banks into the Rio Grande. Off camera, an agent calls out: "Don't put the children at risk! Why don't they care?"  Mexico's immigration agency confirmed that the events took place around midday Thursday.

U.S. asylum officers hurried to figure what would be required to apply the regulation and the logistics of interviewing migrants held in U.S. border facilities, even as many of the workers opposed the stricter rules. Advocates have said they resemble restrictions proposed under Trump that were blocked in court.

Mexican authorities stand guard near the banks of the Rio Bravo river as migrants cross the border to turn themselves in to U.S. Border Patrol agents before the lifting of Title 42, in Matamoros, Mexico May 11, 2023.
Mexican authorities stand guard near the banks of the Rio Bravo river as migrants cross the border to turn themselves in to U.S. Border Patrol agents before the lifting of Title 42, in Matamoros, Mexico May 11, 2023. REUTERS/Daniel Becerril

A U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) official who requested anonymity said the Biden administration hopes the new standard will allow migrants to have an initial asylum screening in a day. Border detention facilities have been maxed-out holding as many as 28,000 migrants in recent days, Reuters reported earlier.

"They're aiming for a 24-hour turnaround but I don't see how that's going to happen," the person said.

(Reporting by Evan Garcia in Brownsville, Texas, Daniel Becerril in Matamoros, Mexico; Additional reporting by Lizbeth Diaz in Mexico City and Ted Hesson in Washington and Kristina Cooke in San Francisco; Writing by Ted Hesson and Mica Rosenberg; Editing by David Gregorio)

The NRI Nation
www.mynrination.com